Pump attachment for internal-combustion engines.



PATENTED Nov. 23, 1905. R. A'. MITCHELL & L. 1.. LEWIS. PUMP ATTACHMENTFOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLIGATIQN FILED OUT. 22,1903.

ammtom I WWPMZ M UNITED f STATES REUBEN A. MITCHELL AND PATENT OFFICE.

LESTER L. LEWIS, OF ()IL CITY, PENN- SYLVANIA.

PUMP ATTACHMENT F'ORINTEIRNAL-CIOMBUSTION ENGINES.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

.Patented. Nov. 28, 1905 Application filed October 22, 1903- Serial No.178,091.

tion oftheinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art towhich it 'appertains'to.

make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvementslin pumping devices, andmoreparticularly to pumping mechanisms adapted to be connected I to aninternal-combustion engine.

The object in view is the provision of elements positioned forbeingactuated by the live pressure of an internal-combustion eninventioncomprises the combination, with an internal-combustion engine, of a tubecommunicating with the explosion end of the cylinderof said engine and apumping mechanism connected with and receiving its operating powerthrough said tube.

It further comprises certain other novel constructions, combinations,and arrangements' of parts, as will be hereinafter fully described andclaimed...

In the accompanying drawing, the figure represents a vertical centralsection taken through a mechanism embodying the features of the presentinvention, parts being illustrated in elevation.

It is of course well known in the art that the manual starting of agas-engine is extremely dangerous and many modes of mechanicallyaccomplishingthis operation has been suggested, including supplyingcompressed air for imparting the initial stroke to the piston, and thepresent invention contemplates the provision of means for compressingair or other gas and storing the same for the use mentioned. 7

In carrying out this invention we employ the elements disclosed in theaccompanying drawing; in which 1 indicates a cylinder of any common formof gas-engine, and'2 the piston thereof, actuillustrated.)

I I ating fly-wheel 3 through a crank-shaft. (Not The cylinder 1 is ofcourse pro:

vided with any common and well-known form ,of intake mechanism(notillustrated) and is provided with an exhaust-valve 4,.actuated in anypreferred manner for permitting the escape of burnt gases at the timethe piston 2 reaches the extreme of its receding stroke.

A' tube 5 extends through the head of cylinder 1 into the firing orexplosion end thereof, said tube communicating with a storagetank 6, anysuitable valve 7: being interposed in the length of said tubefor'closing communication between said tank and cylinder, A branch pipe8 leads from pipe 5 and is controlled by an interposed valve 9, saidbranch pipe communicating with a cylinder 10, within which is arranged apiston-head 11, secured to a piston 12, extending through the upper endof cylinder 10 into a cylinder 13, preferably of considerable greaterdiameter than the cylinder 10. A suitable spring ltis coiled aboutthepiston-rod 12 and presses at one end against the cylinder 10 and at theopposite end against the piston-head 11 for normally retainingsaid headnear that end of cylinder 10 penetrated by the pipe 8. A piston-head 15fits snugly within the cylinder 13 and is fixed to the upper end ofpiston-rod 12. The opposite end of cylinder 13 from that penetrated bypiston-rod 12 is provided with a housing 16,

carrying a" check-valve 17 and its seat 18, the said housing beingformed with a recess 19 between 'the said seat and the cylinder 13'.Carried centrally by the piston-head 15' is a I plug 20, of a diameterequal to the diameter of the recess 19, in line with said recess andadapted when the piston-head is at the uppermost limit of its stroke tofit snugly Within said recess. A comparatively small passage 21 extendslongitudinally centrally through the plug and is curved outwardly andopens at one side of said plug near the piston 16 for purposeshereinafter mentioned.

An intake check-valve 22 is positioned for I supplying the air or thegas through a tube 23 to the cylinder 13, said valve being positionedfor opening as the piston 15 drops and closing as said piston rises. I

In operation, presuming the tank 6 to be filled with a compressedchargeand the piston 2 to be in the position indicated in the draw- IOOing, the valve 7 is open and the charge passing from tank 6 through tube5, entering cylinder 1, will throw the piston 2, and thus start theoperation of the engine, the valve 7 being closed as soon as the piston2 has reached the limit of its receding stroke. After the piston 2 hasbeen started in its movement the operation of the same is continuedthrough the explosion of gaseous charges compressed and ignited withinthe cylinder 1. The starting of the piston 2 of course exhausts to somedegree at least the charge within the tank 6, and in order to rechargesaid tank the valve 9 is opened, and each time a charge is explodedwithin the cylinder 1 a portion of the expanding gases will enter thetube 5 and passing through the branch pipe 8 will act against thepiston-head 11, throwing the same, with its piston-rod 12, upwardly, andthus lifting piston 15. The outward movement of the piston will compressthe air within the cylinder 13 and force the same past the valve 18through a communicating tube 24 to the tank 6. It will be observed thatthe expansion of the exploded gases will of course efiect acomparatively sudden movement of the piston-head 11, and in order toprevent the piston-head 15 striking against the upper head of thecylinder 13 we have provided the plug 20, which produces an air-cushionby closing to some degree the outlet from said cylinder. As the upper orfree end of the plug enters the recess 19, all the air within thecylinder 13 betweenthe piston-head 15 and the upper head of saidcylinder must be discharged through the passage 21, and as said passageis restricted the said atmosphere forms an aircushion for the piston 15.As the piston 15 continues to move upwardly after the plug 20 hasentered the recess 19, the air is discharged from cylinder 13 throughthe passage 21, and when the piston 15 has reached the limit of itsupward movement the valve 17 is automatically seated by the action ofits spring, and but for the passage 21 the return stroke of the piston15 would produce a vacuum within the recess 19. The formation of vacuumis avoided by the admission of air through valve 22 and passage 21 tothe recess 19, whereby the piston 15 is free to move easily back to itsformer position ready for a second operation. As the piston 22 continuesto operate, the operation of pistons 11 and 15 maybe continued until thedesired amount of pressure is obtained within the tank 6, when the valve9 is closed and the operation of the air-compressing pump therebystopped.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the present improvement is inthe nature of an attachment adapted to be applied to any ordinarygas-engine and to receive power through the explosion of the chargewithin the gasengine without in any way interfering with the operationof the engine or necessitating any alteration in the constructionthereof, so that the present improved pump and attachment may be appliedto any of the ordinary gas-engines now in use.

While we have illustrated and described the present improved pumpattachment as employed forstoring compressed air as a medium of powerfor starting an engine, we of course do not propose to be limitedthereby in the structures hereinafter set forth in the claims to the artstated, said structures being clearly capable of supplying compressedair or' other gas for any purpose whatever.

As above intimated, the violent throw of the pumppiston 15 must becushioned or else the same will partially or completely destroy the headof the pump-cylinder 13, and the required cushion is secured by theemployment of the plug 21, which acts to restrict the discharge ofcompressed air from the pumpeylinder 13, and as the plug 21 enters therecess 19 the degree of resistance of the cushion will increase in aratio proportionate to the distance and speed of travel of the piston 15toward the upper end of the cylinder 13. Thus it is seen that thecushioning eflfect on the piston 15 is graduated and increased towardthe termination of the stroke of the piston, and. it is to be noted thatthe cushion is obtained by the restriction of the discharge from thepump-cylinder, which restriction of course may be accomplished innumerous ways, all within the scope of the present invention anddiffering from the illustrative embodiment indicated in the drawing andabove described.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with agas-engine, of a cylinder connected to and communicating with theexplosion end of the cylinder of said engine, a piston within saidfirst-mentioned cylinder adapted to be actuated by the pressure from thegas-engine cylinder, means actuated by the piston of said firstmentionedcylinder for compressing a charge of air or gas, and means forcushioning the termination of the operation of the compressing means.

2. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with agas-engine cylinder and a piston operating therein, of a pump-cylinder,a pump-piston arranged therein independent of the gas-engine piston,means actuated by the explosion of the gaseous charge of the gasenginefor operating said pump-piston, and means for producing acushioningeffect upon the pump-piston as the same approaches the termination ofits stroke.

3. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with agas-engine cylinder and a piston operating therein, of a pump-cylinder,a pump-piston independent of the gas-engine piston arranged within thepump-cylinder free for having the full stroke for the entire length ofthe pump-cylinder, means driven by the explosion of the gaseous chargeof the gas-engine cylinder for operating said pump-piston, and means forproducing a cushion Within the pump-cylinder for retarding theterminatio of the stroke of said pump-piston.

4:. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with agas-engine, of a cylinder formed with an apertured recess, a checkvalveclosing the aperture of said recess, a piston within said cylinder, aplug carried by said piston and adaptedto fit within said recess,-

combination with a gas-engine of a cylinder formed with an aperturedrecess, a valve normally closing the aperture of said recess, anintake-valve for said cylinder, a piston'within the cylinder, a plugprojecting from said piston in line with said recess and formed with arestricted passage extending from its free end to one side thereof nearsaid piston, and means actuated by the charge within said engine forreciprocating the piston.

7. In amechanism of the class described,- the combination withagas-engine cylinder and a piston therefor, of a cylinderspaced from andconnected with the cylinder of said g'as-engine, an exhaust and anintake-valve for the first-mentioned cylinder, a piston within saidlast-mentioned cylinder independent of saidfirst-mentioned piston, meansactuated by the exploded charge within said gas-engine for reciprocatingsaid piston, and means for producing a cushion for the last-mentionedpiston.

8. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with agas-engine, of a cylinder communicating therewith, a pumping-pistonarranged within said cylinder, and adapted to be actuated by explodedgases supplied through said communication between said cylinder and saidgas-engine, and means for producing a cushioning effect upon thepumpingpiston at the termination of a pumping stroke thereof. V

9. In a mechanism of the class'described, the combination with agas-engine, of a cylinder spaced therefrom, a tube communicating betweensaid cylinder and the explosion end of the piston.

said gas-engine, a pumping-piston arranged within said cylinder inposition for beingsubjected to and actuated by the charge of livepressure admitted through said tube, and means for producingacushioningeffect upon said piston atthe conclusion of a pumping strokethereof.

10. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with agas-engine, ofa cylinder spaced therefrom, a tube communicating betweensaid cylinder and the explosion end of said gas-engine, a pumping-pistonarranged within the cylinder, in position for be. ing driven by livepressure admitted through said tube, and means for producing a cushionbetween said piston and the end of said cylinder at the termination of apumping stroke of 11 In a mechanism of the class described, thecombination witha gas-engine cylinder, and a piston therefor, of apump-cylinder, a pump-piston arranged within said pump-cylinderindependent of said engine-piston and free to move the full length ofsaid pumpcylinder, means actuated by the exploded charge of gas withinsaid engine-cylinder for operating said pump-piston, and means forproducing a gaseous cushion between the pump-piston and thepump-cylinder just prior to the termination of the working stroke of vthe pump-piston.

12. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with agas-engine cylinder, and a piston operating therein, of a pumpcylinder,a pump piston operating therein, means independent of saidfirst-mentioned piston and arranged to be actuated by the explodedcharge within said gas-engine cylinder for. actuating said pump-piston,and means for. producing an increasing, graduated cushion for thetermination of the stroke of said pump-piston.

13. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with agas-engine of a cylinder formed with a recess in one of its heads,

.a piston within said cylinder, means actuated by the charge within saidengine for recipro-' cating said piston, an intake-valve and anexhaust-valve for said cylinder, a plug carried by said piston in linewith said recess and adapted to enter the same when the piston is at oneextreme of its movement, and means signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

REUBEN A. MITCHELL. LESTER L. LEWIS. Witnesses:

JOHN M. McGILL, WM. H. WINTERS.

